Familia Romana CAP. I Locations

 

· Translations

It is interesting to relate the background of the places used in the first chapter even though the author of the book is most definitely of our current age. Let us take a gander into the Imperium Romanum.

Hispania (Spain)

The words Spanish for Hispanicus or Hispanic, or Spain for Hispania, are not always interchangeable depending on the context, despite the fact that Hispania is the Roman origin of the contemporary name Spain. It is thought that the Estoria de Espaa, also known as "The History of Spain," was the first extended work in Old Spanish to use the terms Espaa and Espaoles to refer to Medieval Hispania. It was written between 1260 and 1274 at Alfonso X of Castile's initiative during the Reconquista.

There are numerous examples of this in the James Ist Chronicle Llibre dels fets, which was written between 1208 and 1276. Because the limits of contemporary Spain do not match with those of the Visigothic Kingdom or the Roman province of Hispania, they are distinct historical periods. As evidenced by the expression laus Hispaniae, "Praise to Hispania," used to describe the history of the peoples of the Iberian Peninsula in Isidore of Seville's Historia de regibus Gothorum, Vandalorum et Suevorum: "Praise to Hispania," the Latin term Hispania, which was frequently used during Antiquity and the Low Middle Ages, like with Roman Hispania, continued to be used.

Gallia (Gaul)

Gaul, or Gallia in Latin, was a territory of Western Europe that the Romans first identified with clarity. It included modern-day France, Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, and portions of Switzerland, Germany, and Northern Italy. It encompassed 494,000 km2 in total. Gaul was split into three regions, according to Julius Caesar, who assumed administration of the area on behalf of the Roman Republic: Gallia Celtica, Belgica, and Aquitania.

According to archaeology, from the fifth to the first century BC, the Gauls were the keepers of the La Tène culture. Not only was this material culture present over all of Gaul, but it was also present as far east as southern Poland and Hungary in the present.

The Romans subdued Gallia Narbonensis in 123 BC and Gallia Cisalpina in 204 BC. The Cimbri and Teutons, who later fell to the Romans in 103 BC, invaded Gaul after 120 BC. Throughout his operations from 58 to 51 BC, Julius Caesar ultimately brought the majority of Gaul under Roman control. Roman rule over Gaul continued for five centuries until the District of Soissons, the last Roman rump state, was conquered by the Franks in AD 486.

Syria

After Pompey the Great had the Seleucid monarch Antiochus XIII Asiaticus killed and his successor Philip II Philoromaeus overthrown in 64 BC, Syria became a part of the Roman Republic. Marcus Aemilius Scaurus was chosen by Pompey to serve as Syria's proconsul.

Syria became a Roman imperial province under the rule of a Legate after the Roman Republic was overthrown and the Roman Empire was established. Three legions and auxiliaries who protected the frontier with Parthia made up the early Roman army in Syria.

Judea, Samaria, and Idumea were combined into one Roman province under the direct rule of the Legate of Syria Publius Sulpicius Quirinius, who named Coponius as Prefect of Judea, in 6 AD when Emperor Augustus overthrew the ethnarch Herod Archelaus. Ituraea, Trachonitis, Galilee, and Perea were also brought under the control of the Syrian province with the deaths of Herod Philip II (34 AD) and Herod Antipas (39 AD).

Germania

The Latin name Germania translates to "Land of the Germani," but it is
unclear where the word Germani originated. Roman general Julius Caesar met
people from beyond the Rhine during the Gallic Wars in the first century BC. He
referred to these people as "Germani" and their surroundings as
"Germania" beyond the Rhine. The victory of Arminius at the Battle of
the Teutoburg Forest in 9 AD hindered the Roman emperor Augustus' plans to
advance across the Rhine and beyond the Elbe in the following years.

Later, in northeast Roman Gaul, the prosperous Roman provinces of Germania Superior
and Germania Inferior, sometimes referred to as "Roman Germania,"
were founded, while the regions east of the Rhine remained ungoverned by the
Romans.

Parts of Roman Germania were invaded and occupied by Germanic peoples who were
leaving Magna Germania starting in the third century AD. This led to the fall
of the Western Roman Empire in the fifth century AD, following which Germanic
emigrants conquered and colonized the regions of Roman Germania. Later, the
Frankish Empire and then East Francia incorporated substantial portions of
Germania. Germania is the source of the name for Germany in both English and
many other languages. 

Britannia (Great Britain)

The Greek explorer and explorer Pytheas used the name in writing for the first time in the fourth century BC. Prettanike or Brettaniai, a collection of islands off the coast of North-Western Europe, is what Pytheas was alluding to. Diodorus Siculus made reference to Pretannia in the first century BC, which is a transliteration of the native name for the Pretani people, who the Greeks thought lived in the British Isles.

The Insulae Britannicae, which included Albion (Great Britain), Hibernia (Ireland), Thule (perhaps Iceland or Orkney), and other smaller islands, were referred to by the Romans in the plural, following the Greek custom. The name for the organization was then discontinued as Britannia specifically became known as Albion over time. Though Claudius, the Roman emperor, is typically credited with founding and uniting the province of Britannia in 43 AD, Julius Caesar had already established Roman rule over the Southern and Eastern Britain dynasties during his two trips to the island in 55 and 54 BC. Caesar had brought the King's boys back to Rome as obsides and for their education, just as he had done when he was a young man was held as a hostage in Bithynia.

 

Brundisium: Port city in South Italy, present day Brindisi,located in Apulia on the Adriatic Coast.